Green Transitions - Financial and Economic Perspectives

European countries are explicitly committed to a fair green transition, with the potential to generate impacts throughout the continent and across many sectors (EC, 2019, 2020a, 2021a, 2021b and 2021c). Recently studies have also highlighted the complexity of such transitions and the action required in a number of areas to achieve the ambitious targets and goals. There seems to be a consensus that maximising the beneficial impacts and reducing the detrimental consequences of the transformation of Europe into an environmentally sustainable, socially cohesive and economically competitive region requires an appropriate design of policies and agreements, which take into account the institutional feasibility as well as the financial, economic, social costs and benefits of such interventions.